政府工作报告十大民生亮点｜2018两会
继续减少农村贫困人口，取消流量“漫游”费，提高个税起征点，加强托幼全程监管……今年的政府工作报告直面民生热点、焦点、难点，一系列惠民政策令百姓感到温暖和振奋。
亮点一：扶贫 poverty alleviation
报告提出，加大精准脱贫力度。今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万以上，完成易地扶贫搬迁280万人；开展扶贫领域腐败和作风问题专项治理，改进考核监督方式。
We will step up targeted poverty alleviation. This year, we will further reduce the poor rural population by over 10 million, including 2.8 million people who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas. We will take targeted measures against corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation, and improve the methods used in evaluation and oversight.
亮点二：就业 employment
报告在今年发展的预期目标中提出，城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%以内，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内。
Over 11 million new urban jobs, the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent, and the registered urban jobless rate within 4.5 percent.
城镇调查失业率涵盖农民工等城镇常住人口，今年首次把这一指标作为预期目标，以更全面反映就业状况，更好体现共享发展要求。
The surveyed urban unemployment rate covers rural migrant workers and other permanent urban residents. This year, for the first time we are using this indicator as a projected target; this is intended to give a fuller picture of employment and to better reflect the requirement that development is to be shared by everyone.
亮点三：养老 elderly care
报告提出，深化养老保险制度改革，建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度；继续提高退休人员基本养老金和城乡居民基础养老金。
We will deepen reform of the old-age pension system, and establish a central system for enterprise employees' basic old-age pension funds to be used inter-provincially. We will continue raising basic pension payments for retirees and basic pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents.
亮点四：医疗 medical care
报告提出，深化公立医院综合改革，协调推进医疗价格、人事薪酬、药品流通、医保支付改革；
We will deepen comprehensive public hospital reform and make coordinated moves to reform healthcare pricing, staffing and remuneration, medicine distribution, and health insurance payment models.
提高基本医保和大病保险保障水平，居民基本医保人均财政补助标准再增加40元，一半用于大病医保。
We will raise the basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance benefits. Per capita government subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased by 40 yuan, half of which will be used for the serious disease insurance scheme.
亮点五：教育 education
报告提出，着力解决中小学生课外负担重问题；要多渠道增加学前教育资源供给，运用互联网等信息化手段，加强对儿童托育全过程监管，一定要让家长放心安心。
We will give attention to addressing the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens on primary and secondary school students. We will increase the supply of preschool educational resources through multiple channels and use the internet and other IT-based approaches to strengthen oversight over the whole process of childcare provision, making certain that parents can have peace of mind.
亮点六：住房 housing
报告提出，启动新的三年棚改攻坚计划，今年开工580万套；加大公租房保障力度；
We will launch a new three-year renovation plan to address housing in rundown urban areas, starting with construction this year on 5.8 million units. We will step up efforts to supply public-rental housing.
加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制度，让广大人民群众早日实现安居宜居。
We need to speed up the establishment of a housing system with multiple types of suppliers, multiple channels for housing support, and encouragement for both renting and purchase, so that more people will soon have a place to call home.
亮点七：环保 environmental protection
报告提出，巩固蓝天保卫战成果，今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降。
We will consolidate the gains made in the fight to defend the blue of our skies. This year, we will cut sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions by 3 percent and achieve a continuous decline in PM2.5 density in key areas.
亮点八：个税 personal income tax
报告提出，提高个人所得税起征点，增加子女教育、大病医疗等专项费用扣除，合理减负，鼓励人民群众通过劳动增加收入、迈向富裕。
We will raise the personal income tax threshold and create expense deductions for items like children's education and treatment for serious diseases, appropriately lightening burdens, and encouraging our people to increase their incomes and achieve prosperity through hard work.
亮点九：新型城镇化 new urbanization
报告提出，提高新型城镇化质量。今年再进城落户1300万人，加快农业转移人口市民化。
We will pursue better-quality new urbanization. This year, another 13 million people will be registered as permanent urban residents, and we will speed up work on granting permanent urban residency to people from rural areas living in cities.
优先发展公共交通，健全菜市场、停车场等便民服务设施。
We will prioritize the development of public transportation, and improve local amenities like food markets and parking facilities.
有序推进“城中村”、老旧小区的改造，完善配套设施，鼓励有条件的加装电梯。加强排涝管网、地下综合管廊等建设。
We will take planned steps to rebuild villages in cities and old residential areas, improve supporting utilities, and encourage the installation of elevators in old residential buildings where conditions permit. We will do more to improve drainage pipeline networks and underground utility tunnels.
亮点十：消费 consumption
报告提出，明显降低家庭宽带、企业宽带和专线使用费，取消流量“漫游”费，移动网络流量资费年内至少降低30%；
We will significantly lower the rates of home broadband, corporate broadband and dedicated internet access services; domestic data roaming charges will be abolished, and rates for mobile internet services will be cut by at least 30 percent.
深化收费公路制度改革，降低过路过桥费用；
We will deepen reform of the system of highway tolls and reduce tolls on highways and bridges.
降低重点国有景区门票价格；
We will lower ticket prices at key state tourist sites.
将新能源汽车车辆购置税优惠政策再延长三年，全面取消二手车限迁政策。
We will extend preferential policies on purchase tax on new-energy vehicles by another three years, and rescind all local policies that restrict sales of non-local second-hand vehicles.
编辑：马文英
来源：中国日报英语点津
【2018年两会专题】